Washington — Global extreme poverty fell to 21 percent in 2011, less than half of the poverty rate in 1990, the World Bank reports.
华盛顿——根据世界银行（World Bank）的报告，全球极度贫困率2011年下降至21%，减至1990年贫困率的一半以下。
The World Bank said the drop in the percentage of people living in poverty means that the world has met the first Millennium Development Goal to significantly reduce hunger and poverty. Eight goals centered on improving people’s lives were set by world leaders at the United Nations in 2000 with a target date of 2015.
世界银行表示，贫困人口比率的下降意味着全世界已经实现首个千年发展目标（Millennium Development Goal），即显著减轻饥饿和贫困。世界各国领导人2000年在联合国设定了八项以改善人们生活水平为核心的目标，目标预定于2015年实现。
The achievement was cited in the bank’s 2013 World Development Indicators report, released April 18 at the start of the annual World Bank-International Monetary Fund spring meetings in Washington. The report includes the latest data available. Extreme poverty is defined as living on $1.25 or less a day.
在4月18日于华盛顿举行的世界银行与国际货币基金组织（International Monetary Fund）年度春季会议开幕式上，世界银行发布了《2013年世界发展指数》（2013 World Development Indicators）报告。报告中引述了这一成就，并纳入了最新的数据资料。极度贫困被界定为每日生活标准在1.25美元以下。
The world also made progress toward other goals, the bank said. Girls’ primary school enrollment jumped from 86 percent of boys’ enrollment in 1990 to 97 percent in 2011. Girls’ secondary school enrollment also went up — from 78 percent of boys’ enrollment in 1990 to 96 percent in 2011, the World Bank said.
世界银行表示，全世界为实现其他目标也取得了进展。女生小学入学率从1990年为男生入学率的86%，上升至2011年的97%。女生中学入学率也有所上升——从1990年男生入学率的78%上升至2011年的96%。
The mortality rate for children age 5 and younger fell from an average of 95 per 1, 000 live births in 1990 to 56 in 2011. In all, 41 countries are set to reach the child mortality reduction goal by 2015 and many other countries are stepping up progress, the bank said.
世界银行介绍说，5岁以下的儿童死亡率已从1990年占活产婴儿的千分之95的平均水平下降至2011年的千分之56。整体而言，有41个国家定于到2015年实现降低儿童死亡率的目标，并有其他许多国家正在加紧前进步伐。
The U.S. Agency for International Development partners with the World Bank on an array of international development projects aimed at achieving the Millennium Development Goals. In his State of the Union address, President Obama made a commitment to end extreme poverty in the next two decades.
美国国际开发署（U.S. Agency for International Development）与世界银行在一系列国际开发项目上结成伙伴，旨在实现千年发展目标。欧巴马总统在国情咨文（State of the Union）讲话中做出了在今后20年内消除极度贫困的承诺。
The economies of many developing countries continue to grow faster than advanced economies, the bank said. Notably, India became the world’s third-largest economy in 2011 behind the United States and China, with Japan, Germany, Russia, France, the United Kingdom, Brazil and Italy filling out the top 10.
世界银行表示，许多发展中国家的经济继续以较之发达经济体更快的速度增长。值得注意的是，印度在2011年成为世界第三大经济体，仅次于美国和中国，10大经济体的其他国家依次为日本、德国、俄罗斯、法国、英国、巴西和意大利。
Mongolia grew at the second-fastest rate, at nearly 16 percent in 2011, while the Macau administrative region of China had the highest growth rate, at 18 percent. They were followed by Lithuania, Latvia, Turkmenistan, Ghana, Qatar, Panama, China and Estonia, the bank reported.
根据世界银行的报告，2011年蒙古的增长率排名第二，为将近16%；中国澳门行政区的增长率最高，达到18%；随后依次为立陶宛、拉脱维亚、土库曼斯坦、加纳、卡塔尔、巴拿马、中国和爱沙尼亚。
Speaking to reporters at the start of the meetings, World Bank President Jim Young Kim said developing countries now account for more than half of global growth. He said that to end extreme poverty, developing countries need to accelerate their growth, and translate growth into jobs that will benefit all population groups. Growth also needs to be resilient to potential shocks like weather-related disasters, or food, fuel or financial crises. He called climate change a threat to economic development as well as an environmental challenge.
世界银行行长金墉（Jim Young Kim）在会议开幕式上对新闻记者说，发展中国家现在占全球经济增长的一半以上。他说，要消除极度贫困，发展中国家需要加速增长，并将增长转化为就业机会，从而惠及所有人口群体。这种增长还应能承受诸如气候灾害或粮食、燃料及金融危机等潜在冲击的能力。他说，气候变化是一个环境挑战，也是对经济发展的一种威胁。
Kim specified the bank’s growing areas of interest. One area is climate change. About 130 countries have asked the World Bank for assistance in managing climate change, and the bank invested $9 billion in agriculture in 2012.
金墉指出世界银行关注的领域越来越多。其中之一便是气候变化。已经有大约130个国家向世界银行请求援助以应对气候变化，2012年世界银行在农业领域投资了90亿美元。
The bank wants to ensure that “every single project we do is focused on what we call climate smart agriculture … like help to recover degraded lands [and] help to increase yields by bringing in varieties of crops that quite literally have longer roots and take more carbon and put it back into the earth, " Kim said. The bank also wants to find ways to provide developing countries with sustainable sources of energy, he said.
金墉说，世界银行希望确保“我们从事的每一个项目都注重于我们所说的气候智能型农业……例如通过引进各种根系更长而且能吸收更多的碳并将碳回收利用的作物品种，来帮助恢复退化的土地[并]增加产量”。他说，世界银行还希望找到为发展中国家提供可持续能源的方式。
“Unless the world takes bold action now, a disastrously warming planet threatens to put prosperity out of reach of millions and roll back decades of development and poverty reduction, ” he said.
他说：“除非世界现在就采取果敢行动，否则灾难性的全球变暖会威胁到千百万人的富足生活，并使发展和减贫努力倒退几十年。”
Kim said that the bank is shifting some of its funds to help fragile and conflict-affected countries and that it wants to help meet the “huge needs for infrastructure in the in BRICS countries — Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa.
金墉说，世界银行正在划拨一部分资金，用于帮助受冲突影响的贫弱国家，而且世界银行希望帮助满足“金砖五国”（BRICS）——巴西、俄罗斯、印度、中国和南非巨大的基础设施需求。
Of a BRICS Development Bank proposed by those countries, Kim said he saw such a bank not as a rival but as a natural extension of the need for more investment in infrastructure. “We would welcome it, ” he said.
金墉就“金砖五国”提出成立金砖五国开发银行（BRICS Development Bank）表示，他将这样一个银行视为对基础设施进行更大投资的需求的自然延伸，而不是竞争对手。他说：“我们对此表示欢迎。”
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