Surveys to determine knowledge regarding AIDS have shown in many countries, including Papua New Guinea, that a large proportion of the literate population still mistakenly believe that mosquitoes can transmit the AIDS virus from one person to another. In this paper we review the theoretical mechanisms which would allow blood-sucking insects such as mosquitoes to transmit virus and discuss the evidence against transmission of HIV by mosquitoes. AIDS is a sexually transmitted disease with no scientific evidence for arthropod transmission.
关于判断对艾滋病的了解，调查报告显示，包括巴布亚新几内亚的的许多国家的知识分子，仍然错误地认为蚊子能够在人与人之间传播艾滋病病毒。在此篇报告中，我们将评估认可像蚊子这样的吸血虫可以传播艾滋病的理论机制，并且讨论认为蚊子不能传播艾滋病病毒的理论依据。艾滋病是性传播疾病，并且不存在媒介节肢动物传播的科学理论依据。
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Surveys in many countries, including Papua New Guinea, show that a large proportion of the literate population still believe the fallacy that mosquitoes can transmit the AIDS virus from one person to another. Since AIDS was first recognized, many have reported on the possibility of mosquito involvement in the transmission of the virus. In 1988, almost half of 6625 men and women interviewed in Zaire and nearly half of 4189 teacher-trainees interviewed in Zimbabwe believed in the transmission of AIDS by mosquitoes. A recent survey involving 1500 high school students from 14 schools in 4 different provinces in Papua New Guinea revealed that 34% of them considered mosquitoes to be carriers of HIV. Although mosquitoes are carriers of yellow fever, dengue fever, and Japanese encephalitis, there is no evidence that mosquitoes can transmit HIV. Studies with HIV have shown clearly that the virus disappears in the mosquito after about 1-2 days, the time required for the mosquito to digest the blood-meal. Since the virus does not survive to reproduce and invade the salivary glands, biological transmission of HIV is not possible. It has been calculated that, for mechanical transmission, an AIDS-free individual would have to be bitten by 10 million mosquitoes that had been feeding on an HIV carrier to receive a single unit of HIV from contaminated mosquito mouthparts. In short, there is still no evidence of arthropod transmission of the HIV virus.
包括在巴布亚新几内亚的众多国家的调查显示，许多知识分子仍然认为蚊子可以在人与人之间传播艾滋病病毒。自人类首次发现艾滋病，众多报道表明蚊子传播艾滋病的可能性。在1988年，在扎伊尔被采访的6625位男女中的多半，以及在津巴布韦4189名老师培训生中的将近一半人都认为蚊子能够传播艾滋病。一项近期调查显示，来自巴布亚新几内亚的4个省份的14所中学的1500名高中生中，34%的学生认为蚊子是艾滋病病毒的带病体。虽然蚊子是黄热病、登革热和日本脑炎的携带者，但是没有证据显示蚊子也可以传播艾滋病。关于艾滋病病毒的研究明确表明，在1至2天后，艾滋病病毒便在蚊子体内消失，因为蚊子要用这个时间来消化血粉。由于病毒已经无法生存进行繁殖，也无法入侵唾液腺，也就不可能生物性传播艾滋病病毒。数据研究表明，通过机械传播，一个没有艾滋病的人要被一千万吸过艾滋病病毒携带者血液的蚊子咬才能够从被感染的蚊子口器中感染一单元的艾滋病病毒。简而言之，现在仍然没有证据表明媒介节肢动物可以传播艾滋病病毒。
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