《论语》中英文版
第十四章 宪问篇(19)
子言衛靈公之無道也,康子曰:“夫如是,奚而不喪?”孔子曰:“仲叔圉治賓客,祝鮀治宗廟,王孫賈治軍旅。夫如是,奚其喪?”
The Master was speaking about the unprincipled course of the duke Ling of Wei, when Qi Kang said, "Since he is of such a character, how is it he does not lose his state?"
Confucius said, "The Zhong Shu Yu has the superintendence of his guests and of strangers; the litanist, Tuo, has the management of his ancestral temple; and Wang Sun Jia has the direction of the army and forces - with such officers as these, how should he lose his state?"
【原文】
子言卫灵公之无道也①,康子曰②:“夫如是,奚而不丧③?”孔子曰:“仲叔圉治宾客④,祝鸵治宗庙⑤,王孙贾治军旅⑥。夫如是,奚其丧!”
【今译】
孔子说到卫灵公的昏庸无道时,季康子说:“既然这样,卫国为什么不败亡呢?”孔子说:“有仲叔圉接待宾客办理外交,有祝鸵主管宗庙祭祀,有王孙贾统率军队。因为这样用人得当,卫国怎么会败亡?”
【注释】
①卫灵公:卫国国君,其夫人南子一度把持国政。
②康子:即权臣季康子。
③奚而:复合疑问副词,为什么。
④仲叔圉(yǔ):卫国大夫孔圉。
⑤祝鸵(tuó):字子鲁。卫国大夫,世袭贵族。
⑥军旅:军队。
【评点】
本章孔子肯定了贤人对治国的重要性。卫灵公本人在青壮年时代可能是一位有为之君,中年以后,日见昏庸,但老臣依旧。灵公作为国君虽然昏庸,但由于有贤臣经营实际事务,所以得以善终。如果明君加上贤臣,其成就那是更不可估量了。为政的关键一环,在于用人。这是一条很古老的经验。 |