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《论语》中英文版 第十七章 阳货篇(8)

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 楼主| 发表于 2013-5-2 11:08:05 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
《论语》中英文版
第十七章 阳货篇(8)
子曰:“由也,女聞六言六蔽矣乎?”對曰:“未也。”“居!吾語女。好仁不好學,其蔽也愚;好知不好學,其蔽也蕩;好信不好學,其蔽也賊;好直不好學,其蔽也絞;好勇不好學,其蔽也亂;好剛不好學,其蔽也狂。”
The Master said, "You, have you heard the six words to which are attached six becloudings?"
You replied, "I have not." "Sit down, and I will tell them to you.
There is the love of being benevolent without the love of learning - the beclouding here leads to a foolish simplicity. There is the love of knowing without the love of learning - the beclouding here leads to dissipation of mind. There is the love of being sincere without the love of learning - the beclouding here leads to an injurious disregard of consequences. There is the love of straightforwardness without the love of learning - the beclouding here leads to rudeness. There is the love of boldness without the love of learning - the beclouding here leads to insubordination. There is the love of firmness without the love of learning - the beclouding here leads to extravagant conduct."
【原文】
子曰:“由也,女闻六言六蔽矣乎①?”对曰:“未也。”“居②?吾语女③。好仁不好学,其蔽也愚;好知不好学④,其蔽也荡⑤;好信不好学,其蔽也贼⑥;好直不好学,其蔽也绞⑦;好勇不好学,其蔽也乱⑧;好刚不好学,其蔽也狂⑨。”
                  
【今译】
孔子说:“仲由呀!你听说过六种美德、六种蔽病吗?”子路回答说:“没有听说过。”孔子说:“坐下来,我告诉你吧!爱好仁德而不爱好学习,它的蔽病是容易被人愚弄;爱好聪明而不爱学习,它的蔽病是放荡不羁;爱好诚信而不爱好学习,它的蔽病是易受欺骗而害人害已;爱好直率却不爱好学习,它的蔽病是说话尖刻刺人;爱好勇敢却不爱好学习,其蔽病是捣乱闯祸;爱好刚强而不爱好学习,其蔽病是狂妄自大。”
【注释】
①六言:此指六个字,实际是六种德行。蔽:弊病。
②居:坐。
③语:告诉。女:同“汝”,你。
④知:同“智”。
⑤荡:放荡。
⑥贼:害。此指害已。不害亲人。
⑦绞:说话尖酸刻薄。
⑧乱:捣乱,闯祸。
⑨狂:胆大妄为。
【评点】
孔子对“六言六蔽”的解释都没有离开是否爱学习。他总是反复强调学习对于完善德行的重要辅助作用。六种美德必须用学习来统摄。不学,六种美德可转变成六种弊病,可见学习是非常重要的。
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