《论语》中英文版
第十九章 子张篇(23)
叔孫武叔語大夫於朝,曰:“子貢賢於仲尼。”子服景伯以告子貢。子貢曰:“譬之宮牆,賜之牆也及肩,窺見室家之好。夫子之牆數仞,不得其門而入,不見宗廟之美,百官之富。得其門者或寡矣。夫子之云,不亦宜乎!”
Shu Sun Wu Shu observed to the great officers in the court, saying, "Zi Gong is superior to Zhong Ni." Zi Fu Jing Bo reported the observation to Zi Gong, who said, "Let me use the comparison of a house and its encompassing wall. My wall only reaches to the shoulders.
One may peep over it, and see whatever is valuable in the apartments. The wall of my Master is several fathoms high. If one do not find the door and enter by it, he cannot see the ancestral temple with its beauties, nor all the officers in their rich array. But I may assume that they are few who find the door. Was not the observation of the chief only what might have been expected?"
【原文】
叔孙武叔语大夫于朝曰①:“子贡贤于仲尼②。”子服景伯以告子贡③。子贡曰:“譬之宫墙④,赐之墙也及肩⑤,窥见室家之好。夫子墙数仞⑥,不得其门而入,不见宗庙之美,百官之富⑦。得其门者或寡矣。夫子之云⑧,不亦宜乎⑨!”
【今译】
叔孙武叔在朝中对大夫们说:“子贡比仲尼贤德。”子服景伯把这句话告诉子贡。子贡说:“若以宫廷的围墙作比喻,我的围墙只有肩膀那么高,谁都能窥见围墙里面房屋的美好。我的老师的围墙有好几丈高,如果找不到大门是无法进去的,所以也就看不到里面雄伟壮美的庙堂、各种式样结构精巧的房舍。能找到大门进去的人或许还少吧。这样看来,叔孙武叔老先生那样说,不也很自然了吗?”
【注释】
①叔孙武叔:鲁国大夫,名州仇。朝:朝廷。
②于:比。
③以:把,拿。子服景伯:鲁国大夫,名何。
④宫墙:指围墙。
⑤及肩:靠近肩膀那么高。及:到。
⑥仞(rèn):古代7尺为1仞。
⑦百官:各种各样的房屋。官:本义是房舍。
⑧夫子:此指叔孙武叔。
⑨宜:合适,很自然。
【评点】
孔子逝世后,子贡在各国的声望很高。因为他做了几件实事,很成功,的确是一个了不起的外交家。当子贡从子服景伯那里听到叔孙武叔在朝廷上说他比孔子还强时,便以围墙作比喻,说明自己绵薄的德行容易被人了解,而孔子博大精深的学问德行是不易了解的。叔孙武叔看不到孔子的博大精深,是很自然的。这虽是原谅的话,实际是对叔孙武叔德浅识薄的一种嘲讽。由此可见,子贡对孔子是非常尊重的,对老师的学问德行博大精深表现出由衷的敬佩。 |