《孟子》中英文版
第七编 《离娄上》(8)
第八章 水清濯缨，水浊濯足
孟子曰：“不仁者可與言哉？安其危而利其菑，樂其所以亡者。不仁而可與言，則何亡國敗家之有？有孺子歌曰：‘滄浪之水清兮，可以濯我纓；滄浪之水濁兮，可以濯我足。’孔子曰：‘小子聽之！清斯濯纓，濁斯濯足矣，自取之也。’夫人必自侮，然後人侮之；家必自毀，而後人毀之；國必自伐，而後人伐之。《太甲》曰：‘天作孽，猶可違；自作孽，不可活。’此之謂也。”
Mencius said, 'How is it possible to speak with those princes who are not benevolent? Their perils they count safety, their calamities they count profitable, and they have pleasure in the things by which they perish. If it were possible to talk with them who so violate benevolence, how could we have such destruction of States and ruin of Families? There was a boy singing, "When the water of the Cang Lang is clear, It does to wash the strings of my cap; When the water of the Cang Lang is muddy, It does to wash my feet." Confucius said, "Hear what he sings, my children. When clear, then he will wash his cap-strings; and when muddy, he will wash his feet with it. This different application is brought by the water on itself." A man must first despise himself, and then others will despise him. A family must first destroy itself, and then others will destroy it. A State must first smite itself, and then others will smite it. This is illustrated in the passage of the Tai Jia, "When Heaven sends down calamities, it is still possible to escape them. When we occasion the calamities ourselves, it is not possible any longer to live."'
【原文】
孟子曰：“不仁者可与言哉？安其危而利其菑①，乐其所以亡者。不仁而可与言，则何亡国败家之有？有孺子歌曰：‘沧浪②之水清兮，可以濯③我缨④；沦浪之水浊兮，可以濯我足。’孔子曰：‘小子听之！清斯濯缨，浊斯濯足矣。自取之也。’夫人必自侮，然后人侮之；家必自毁，而后人毁之；国必自伐，而后人伐之。《太甲》曰⑤：‘天作孽，犹可违；自作孽，不可活。’此之谓也。”
【注解】
①菑：同“灾”。
②沧浪：前人有多种解释。或认为是水名（汉水支流），或认为是地名（湖北均县北），或认为是指水的颜色（青苍色）。各种意思都不影响对原文的理解。
③濯（Zhuo）：洗。
④缨：系帽子的丝带．
⑤《太甲》曰：《公孙丑上》（3·4）已引过这句话，可参见。
【译文】
孟子说：“不仁的人难道可以和他商议吗？他们对别人的危险心安理得，从别人的灾难中牟利，把导致家破国亡的事当作乐趣。不仁的人如果可以和他商议，那怎么会有国亡家破的事发生呢？从前有个小孩子唱道：‘沧浪的水清呀，可以洗我的帽缨；沧浪的水浊呀，可以洗我的双脚。’孔子听了说：‘弟子们听好了啊！水清就用来洗帽缨，水浊就用来洗双脚，这都是因为水自己造成的。’所以，一个人总是先有自取其辱的行为，别人才侮辱他；一个家庭总是先有自取毁坏的因素，别人才毁坏它；一个国家总是先有自取讨伐的原因，别人才讨伐它。《尚书·太甲》说：‘上天降下的灾害还可以逃避；自己造成的罪孽可就无处可逃了。’说的就是这个意思。”
【读解】
水的用途有贵有贱（“濯缨”与“濯足”），是因为水有清有浊形成的，人的有贵有贱，有尊有卑又何尝不是由自己造成的呢？
不仅个人如此，一个家庭，一个国家，都莫不如此。
人因为不自尊，他人才敢轻视；家由于不和睦，“第三者”才有插足的缝隙；国家动乱，祸起萧墙之内，敌国才趁机入侵。所有这些，都有太多的例证可以证实。我们今天说“保垒最容易从内部攻破”，其实也正是这个意思。
所以，人应自尊，家应自睦，国应自强。祸福贵贱都由自取。你就是你自己的上帝。 |
