1.Behaviorism 行为主义学习理论
Behavioral psychology, also known as behavioism, is a theory of
learning based upon the idea that all behaviors are acquired
through conditioning. Conditioning occurs through interaction with
the environment. According to behaviorism, behavior can be studied
in a systematic and observable manner with no consideration of
internal mental states.
行为心理学，众所周知也就是行为主义，是一种基于所有的行为都是通过后天调节所得的一种学习的理论。通过与环境的交互这种调节发生，根据行为主义，可以通过系统方法和观察的方式来研究人的行为，而不用考虑人的内部心理状态。
2.Cognitivism 认知主义学习理论
Cognitive theorists recognize that much learning involves
associations established through contiguity and repetition. They
also acknowledge the importance of reinforcement, although they
stress its role in providing feedback about correctness of
responses over its role as a motivator. However, even while
accepting such behavioristic concepts, cognitive theorists view
learning as involving the acquisition or
reorganization of the cognitive structures through which humans
process and store information.
认知专家认为，大部分学习包含连续和重复建立的联结，他们也认识到强化的重要性，尽管他们强调了它在提供反映正确性的反馈方面的作用，把它作为一种刺激因素。然而，既使接受到这样的行为概念时，认知专家视学习为包含了认知结构的获得和重组，通过人类处理和存储信息。
3.constructivism 建构主义
Constructivism is a type of learning theory that explains human
learning as an active attempt to construct meaning in the world
around us. Constructivists believe that learning is more active and
self-directed than either behaviorism or cognitive theory would
postulate.
Constructivism divides learning into two types: accommodation
and assimilation. The focus is on the individual’s desire and
ability to learn, and the teacher is merely there to help guide
self-directed learning.
建构主义学习理论是这样一种学习理论，即他认为学习室人们对周围世界的积极的有意义的建构。建构主义认为，与行为主义和认知主义相比，学习是更加积极和自主的。
建构主义将学习分成了两类：顺应和同化。关键在于个人的需求和能力，老师仅仅是帮助学生进行自主学习。
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