《孟子》中英文版
第八编 《离娄下》(27)
第二十七章 葬礼上不应交谈
公行子有子之喪，右師往弔，入門，有進而與右師言者，有就右師之位而與右師言者。孟子不與右師言，右師不悅曰：“諸君子皆與驩言，孟子獨不與驩言，是簡驩也。”
The officer Gong Hang having on hand the funeral of one of his sons, the Master of the Right went to condole with him. When this noble entered the door, some called him to them and spoke with him, and some went to his place and spoke with him. Mencius did not speak with him, so that he was displeased, and said, 'All the gentlemen have spoken with me. There is only Mencius who does not speak to me, thereby slighting me.'
孟子聞之，曰：“禮，朝廷不歷位而相與言，不踰階而相揖也。我欲行禮，子敖以我為簡，不亦異乎？”
Mencius having heard of this remark, said, 'According to the prescribed rules, in the court, individuals may not change their places to speak with one another, nor may they pass from their ranks to bow to one another. I was wishing to observe this rule, and Zi Ao understands it that I was slighting him - is not this strange?'
【原文】
公行子1有子之丧，右师2往吊。入门，有进而与右师言者，有就右师之位而与右师言者。孟子不与右师言。右师不悦，曰：“诸君子皆与驩言，孟子独不与驩言，是简3驩也。”
孟子闻之，曰：“礼，朝廷不历位而相与言，不逾阶而相揖也。我欲行礼，子敖以我为简，不亦异乎！”
【注释】
1.公行子：人名，齐国大夫。
2.右师：先秦时期官名，此处指齐国大夫王驩（huan患），驩字子敖。
3.简：《书·仲虺之诰》：“简贤附势，实繁有徒。”《诗·邶风·简兮》：“简兮简兮，方将万舞。”《论语·公冶长》：“吾党之小子狂简，斐然成章，不知所以裁之。”《荀子·非十二子》：“其冠絻，其缨禁缓，其容简连。”《荀子·议兵》：“简礼贱义者，其国乱。”《韩非子·亡征》：“简法禁而务谋虑，荒封内而恃交援者，可亡也。”这里用为怠慢、倨傲之意。
【译文】
齐国大夫公行子的儿子死了，右师王驩前去吊丧，进了门，有上前与王驩交谈的，也有到王驩座位旁跟他说话的，独有孟子不和王驩说话，右师王驩很不高兴，说：“各位大人都与我打招呼，孟子偏偏不与我说话，是怠慢于我。”
孟子听到这话，说：“按行为规范的规定，在朝廷上不能越过自己的位子互相交谈，也不在不同的台阶上作揖。我想按规范行事，右师认为我怠慢他，不是太奇怪了么？”
【解说】
这一章是编书者述说一个故事而举了孟子的例子，说明孟子本人在为人处世上亦是选择了最佳行为方式的。其实我们现代也是这样的，这边在举行隆重的葬礼，那边有人在高谈阔论，你会怎么想？ |
