The 15 most profitable business sectors
Health care and real estate dominate a list of the country’s 15 most profitable privately-held businesses, according to a report released Wednesday by Sageworks, a financial information company.金融信息公司Sageworks周三发布报告显示，美国私营部门中15个最赚钱的行业以医疗保健和房地产为主。
That heavy representation – nearly half the list – reflects the growth in those areas. Universal healthcare has spawned an influx of insured patients while the housing and office markets have rebounded from its recession-era doldrums.
它们在榜单上占据了几乎一半的位置，由此也反映出这些领域正快速增长。“全民医保计划”使得享有医保的病人激增，而住宅和写字楼市场也已经从衰退中反弹回来。
Sagework’s rankings are based on the company profit margins over the 12 months ending in June. The calculations exclude taxes and include owner compensation in excess of their market-rate salaries.
Sageworks以截止到今年6月的过去12个月内公司的利润率为基础，制出了这份榜单。他们在统计中排除了税务因素，计入了企业主在市场水平的工资之外的经营收入。
Also featured heavily on the list are various service-based industry sectors like accounting and legal services, largely because of their consistent demand for their services combined with relatively low operating costs, according to Sageworks analyst Jenna Weaver. “These kinds of businesses sell services from bookkeeping to legal advice to health care and do not need to purchase as many, if any, physical goods,” Weaver said in a statement.
在这份榜单中，服务行业也占据了不少席位，如会计和法律服务。根据Sageworks分析师詹娜•韦弗的说法，这很大程度上是由于市场对这类服务的需求很大，而它们的运营成本相对较低。韦弗在声明中表示：“这类公司提供从记账到法律咨询到卫生保健的各种服务，却不需要购入太多固定资产。”
(Note: Profit margins of companies that made last year’s list have been revised since their initial release).
（说明：去年上榜行业的利润率在今年上榜时已经进行了修订。）
1. Accounting, tax preparation, book keeping and payroll services
第1：会计、报税、记账以及工资服务
This industry sector tops the list with a net profit margin of 19.8%, an improvement over the revised 16.3% from last year. Like several other service-based industries on this list, accounting et al. make for consistently profitable businesses because they are generally in demand and can operate with fairly low overhead and equipment costs.
这一行业在榜单上排名第一，纯利润率达到19.8%，比去年的16.3%还要高。与上榜的其他服务型行业类似，会计等行业是能够持续盈利的生意，因为它们的需求量很大，而日常开支和设备成本却相当低。
2. Legal services
第2：法律服务
Much like accounting, law firms and other legal services see constant demand from giant companies as well as the average Joe. They also boast relatively low operating costs because a large portion of spending goes toward maintaining a knowledgeable, specialized staff rather than investing in equipment or tools. After topping this list last year with a profit margin of 18.3%, this industry comes in second this year with a margin of 17.8%.
律师事务所和其他法律服务公司与会计业类似，无论是企业巨头还是普通人都对它们都有着持续的需求。它们的运营成本也相对较低，因为大部分花费都只是用来留住知识丰富的专业员工，而不是用来投资于设备或工具。法律服务在去年以18.3%的纯利润率高居榜首，今年的纯利润率则为17.8%。
Tied 3. Oil and gas extraction
并列第3：石油与天然气开采
Oil and gas are booming in the U.S. thanks to increased production of crude oil and shale gas that is making the country less reliant on foreign imports. As such, this industry sector remained in third place with a profit margin that increased from 15.1% to 16.4%.
由于美国增加了原油和页岩气的产量，以便减少对进口的依赖，这一行业在美国得以飞速发展。该行业与去年一样排在榜单第三，纯利润率则由15.1%升至16.4%。
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