But a 25-year-old Iranian says his Facebook activity has led to his father's detention in a notorious prison in Tehran. And now he's struggling to find a way to free him.
亚沙尔·哈梅尼称因自己在“脸谱”上的活动，他的父亲被拘捕
"I want my family to forgive me, " Yashar Khameneh said. "But I believe what I believe in."
亚沙尔称伊朗政府向其索要“脸谱”账户密码以换取父亲的自由
A year ago, while studying at a college in Holland, Khameneh joined a Facebook page that made fun of a top Shiite Muslim imam, Ali al-Naqi al-Hadi. Naqi is one of 12 imams considered successors to the Prophet Mohammed. Called "Infallibles, " the imams are protected by law in Iran from ridicule or even frivolous comments. One can be arrested for insulting them.
（美国有线电视新闻网报） ——有多少年轻人因为自己在“脸谱”上的某些言论而陷入困境？或许一张聚会的照片或者是冒犯了他人的言论导致自己失去了一次工作的机会。
The Facebook page, dubbed the "Campaign to Remind Shias about Imam Naqi, " features a robed man, presumably Naqi, with a face like Charles Manson's, flanked by a camel wearing sunglasses and the donkey from "Shrek." It also shows a picture of a Shiite tomb that has been pooped on by a flock of pigeons.
但是一名25岁的伊朗青年说自己在“脸谱”上的活动导致父亲被逮捕并被投入了德黑兰一所臭名昭著的监狱。现在，这名青年正在努力寻找办法来解救自己的父亲。
With more than 21, 000 likes, the page explains, "Our goal is to use satire to take out the superstition from religion."
亚沙尔·哈梅尼说：“我希望家人能够原谅我。”“但是我坚持自己的信仰。”
"We believe that everything and everybody could be the subject of a joke, " Khameneh said. "Nothing and nobody is too holy to be funny. At the beginning it was not that serious because it was a joke."
一年前，正在荷兰某大学读书的亚沙尔·哈梅尼浏览了“脸谱”网站上的一个网页 ，并参与了其中的某些活动。网页上的内容是人们对于什叶派穆斯林伊玛目阿里·纳吉·哈迪(Ali al-Naqi al-Hadi)的取笑。纳吉是十二伊玛目之一，被认为是先知穆罕默德的继承人。在伊朗，十二伊玛目被认为是“永远不会范错的人”。他们受到法律的保护，不允许人们嘲讽或者对其进行不严肃的评论。任何辱骂十二伊玛目的人都会坐牢。
Syria tests internet freedom theory
亚沙尔在“脸谱”上加入的网页，名叫“唤醒什叶教徒心中的伊玛目纳吉”。网页中描绘的身穿长袍的人，据估计应该就是纳吉。他长着查尔斯·曼森(Charles Manson)一样的面孔，戴着太阳镜，身旁有一头骆驼和一只来自“怪物史莱克”里的毛驴。网页中还有一幅图画描绘的是一座落了鸽子粪的什叶派信徒的坟墓。
Khameneh didn't know who the manager of the site was. They both used nicknames, as did many people who posted, Khameneh said. In the early days, though, Khameneh posted links to his personal Facebook page, which had his real name.
哈梅尼并不知道谁是站点的管理人员。哈梅尼说，包括跟贴评论的所有的人使用的都是昵称。但是，在很早之前，哈梅尼曾经将带有自己真实姓名的网页链接进了自己的“脸谱”。
"I feel like that is how the authorities knew to come after me, " Khameneh said.
他说：“我觉得这就是为什么当局能查到我的原因。”
During that time, Khameneh said, he wasn't thinking too much about someone in the Iranian government seeing the page. It seemed unlikely: one page out of so many on Facebook. The thought did cross his mind a couple times that if it did become popular, it would probably upset some people back in Iran, where his father, mother and sister lived.
哈梅尼称自己当时对于伊朗政府会浏览这个网页，并没有做太多的考虑。“脸谱”上有那么多的网页，他们可能不会偏偏就看到这一页的。哈梅尼的脑子里的确把这个问题思考了好几遍：如果这个网页的内容变成了热点，它的确会让伊朗国内的一些人感到愤怒。而自己的父母和姐妹正生活在伊朗。
But he kept posting on the page out of principle, he said.
但是他依然违背原则地在网上发了贴。
"From the beginning, I knew that it could be dangerous, but the thing is this: Taboos should be broken, " he said. "I knew that it could be sensitive (for) Muslims and Iranians worldwide, but here in Europe, jokes are made -- jokes of Jewish stories or Christian -- and nobody is threatened or killed. This is how it should be."
他说：“从一开始，我就知道这会很危险，但事情就是这样：‘有些禁忌应该被打破’。我知道，这个网页的内容对全球的穆斯林和伊朗人来说很敏感，但是在欧洲，在这里，有很多的玩笑——关于犹太人的玩笑或者关于基督教的玩笑——，没有人会觉得受到了威胁，也没人因此被处死。事情本来就应该是这样的。”
A page's overnight fame
一夜成名的网页
Khameneh took comfort, he said, that the page had a small number of followers.
哈梅尼说，起初自己还感到一点宽慰，因为网页的追随者并不太多。
That changed this spring. Traffic skyrocketed in mid-May, when an Iranian rapper living in Germany made international headlines, Khameneh said.
但是在今年春天，一切都发生了改变。哈梅尼说，在五月中旬，一位居住在德国的伊朗说唱歌手一下子成了国际报道中的头条人物，页面的访问量也骤然猛涨。
Iran's religious authority had placed a fatwa on the rapper's head for making a song that mocked the same imam. The song had gone viral.
伊朗宗教当局随即对这位侮辱伊玛目阿里的歌手下了追杀令。这首歌就像病毒一样地四处传播。
All of a sudden, people around the world were Googling the rapper and the imam.
突然间，全世界的人都用谷歌搜索这支歌和这位伊玛目。
"That was a boon for the (page), " Khameneh said. "It became famous."
哈梅尼说：“这使得浏览这个网页的人也出现了激增。网页也随之出了名。”
On May 23, Khameneh got a call from his father, Abbas Khameneh, in Iran.
五月23号，哈梅尼接到了来自伊朗家人的电话。打电话的人正是自己的父亲阿巴斯·哈梅尼。
"He said, 'some people from the intelligence service had come (to our house), and they want you to cooperate, ' " Khameneh recalled. "My father said, 'they want your passwords to your Facebook, web blog and e-mail.' "
哈梅尼称，自己今年五月份起，阿巴斯已经受到监禁。
The young man was frightened and felt trapped. First, he didn't manage the page and therefore couldn't take it down. He assumed that the Iranian authorities just didn't understand that.
亚沙尔·哈梅尼回忆道：“父亲当时在电话里说：‘情报部门的人已经来过我们家，他们希望你能够合作。’父亲对我说，他们想要我‘脸谱’账号的密码，以及博客和邮箱的密码。”
"They came after me maybe because from the beginning, I was very active on the page, and you could tell that I had a close relationship -- commenting back and forth -- with the manager, " he said.
他感到很害怕也很困惑。首先，并不是他管理着这个网页所以他也没有办法撤销这个页面。他觉得可能是伊朗当局并不明白这一点。
He fired off a Facebook message to the manager of the site, explaining the situation and asking that the page be taken down.
他说：“可能从一开始他们就跟踪上我了，我在这个页面上非常活跃，也可以说，我与网页的管理人员联系很密切，不停地评论与回复。”
The manager wrote back, refusing to deactivate the page.
他拒绝了被邀请当这个页面管理员的站内信邀请，并且对事态的严重性做出了解释，还要求撤销这个页面。
It's unclear exactly why the manager chose to keep the site up. But Khameneh thinks there are two reasons, both of them legitimate. Allowing Iran to succeed in taking the page down would be to defeat the very reason it was created: to challenge authority and create a greater sense of free expression.
管理员在回复中拒绝停止该页面的活动。
And it's possible that the manager suspected that Khameneh's e-mail was a fake and that the sender was actually someone with the Iranian authority trying to trick the manager into taking the page down, Khameneh said.
我真得不明白为什么管理员非要让大家访问这样一个页面。哈梅尼认为，这可能有两点原因，而这两点原因都有合乎情理的理由。如果允许伊朗方面撤掉这个网页，那么就意味着否认了建立这个网页的意义：挑战权威，并且激起了人们对于言论自由更为广泛的认知。
"At first, I was angry, but I was also emotional" at the news that the page would stay up, Khameneh said. But "I understand that taking the page down, really, wasn't going to help my father."
哈梅尼说，也有可能管理员以为哈梅尼使用的是假账号，认为发信人可能是与伊朗当局有关的人，而且这个人试图哄骗管理员撤销这个网页。
Can Facebook page help Israel, Iran toward peace?
哈梅尼说，因为自己很情绪化，所以在一开始，听说这个网页要一直被顶起来，他也感到很生气。但是，“我明白就算是把这个网页删掉了，也救不了我的父亲。真的。”
Password protection
密码保护
Khameneh considered whether he should give up the passwords to the accounts he did control: his personal Facebook account and his e-mail. But he decided that wouldn't be wise. The Iranians could go through those accounts and find the names of his friends and other information, he feared.
哈梅尼曾考虑过放弃自己的“脸谱”账号和邮箱账号，但是后来他认为这么做并不明智。他怕伊朗当局会通过自己的这些账号追踪到自己的朋友和其他信息。
Khameneh seemed to be in an unwinnable situation.
哈梅尼似乎已经处在了一种必输无疑的境地。
So he took the only action he could and deleted his e-mail and personal Facebook account.
所以，他采取了自己唯一可能的办法，那就是关闭了自己的“脸谱”账号，并注销了自己的邮箱。
The page mocking the imam remained up.
但是诋毁伊玛目的网页依然还在。
The day after his father called, Khameneh says, he got a call from his sister and mother in Iran. They were hysterical.
哈梅尼说，父亲打来电话后的第二天，他又收到了伊朗的妈妈和妹妹的来的电话。他们的情绪异常激动。
They said Iranian authorities had arrested his father and taken him to Evin prison in Tehran, a lockup notorious for torturing inmates.
他们说伊朗当局已经逮捕了哈梅尼的父亲，并把他关押在了 埃文监狱(Evin Prison）。这所监狱因折磨囚犯而臭名远洋。
Khameneh's sister begged him to give up his passwords. She pleaded for him to dismantle the Facebook page about the imam.
哈梅尼的妹妹祈求他把密码说出来。她求亚沙尔删掉“脸谱”上关于伊玛目的那个网页。
He struggled to explain to her that he didn't control the page and that he had closed all the accounts that he could. He told her he had no options.
哈梅尼艰难地向自己的妹妹解释自己并不负责管理这个网页，而且也早已将自己能关闭的账号全部关掉了。他说自己别无选择。
"She told me, 'As long as that Facebook page is open, your father will be in the same situation.'
“妹妹告诉我，只要那个网页还在，父亲的境遇就不会改变。”
"After a few days. I received another call, this time from my mother. She was crying. She told me, 'OK, you see they want to execute your father? Why don't you close that Facebook page?'
“几天后，我接到了妈妈打来的电话。电话里，妈妈在哭泣。她对我说：‘好吧，你都看到了，他们要判你爸爸了！干嘛不把你那个‘脸谱’的页面关掉？’
"At the same time, I can do nothing, " Khameneh said.
哈梅尼说：“当时，我什么都做不了。”
Weeks slipped by as Khameneh worried about what to do.
时间一点点地流逝，亚沙尔还是不知道该怎么办，他很焦虑。
By June, he decided to publish online an open letter, describing his father's arrest and explaining that he didn't know who operated the Facebook page.
六月份，他决定在网上发一封 公开信, 告诉大家他的父亲遭到了拘捕，而且向大家解释自己不知道网页的管理员是谁。
Staffers with the International Campaign for Human Rights in Iran, a nongovernmental organization based in the United States, saw that letter and called Khameneh to interview him, Executive Director Hadi Ghaemi said.
来自 国际伊朗人权运动 (International Campaign for Human Rights in Iran：一家设立于美国的非政府组织)的执行理事哈迪·加埃米(Hadi Ghaemi)编辑, 看到了这封公开信，并给亚沙尔致电，希望他能接受采访。
Ghaemi said he feels confident the young man's story is true.
亚沙尔·哈梅尼和他的父亲八月份在荷兰的合影
"It would be too dangerous for Khameneh's family in Iran for him to make up something like this, " Ghaemi said. "The burden of proof is (on) the Iranian government, and they haven't issued a statement or denied the story. It also fits a broader trend of Iranian intelligence targeting Iranian activists abroad and their family members."
加埃米说，他相信这个年轻人讲的故事是真实的。
He pointed to the Iranian rapper as an example and reported intimidation of Iran-based relatives of journalists who work for Radio Farda, the Persian-language service of Radio Free Europe.
加埃米称：“哈梅尼的家人都还在伊朗，他要是编造一个这样的故事，那就太危险了。考察哈梅尼的故事究竟是真是假，其难度还是来自于伊朗政府方面。现在伊朗政府还没有任何的宣判，也没有对故事的内容做出否认。”故事也与一个更广泛的趋势相适应，那就是伊朗的情报人员瞄准了那些国外的伊朗活动家以及他们的家人。”
"Employees of Radio Farda believe that their journalism, which attracts over 10 million page views monthly on Radio Farda's website, is the motive behind at least 20 incidents this year involving the interrogation and intimidation of their family members in Iran by officials of the country's Intelligence Ministry, " according to a news release on the news outlet's site.
他以上文提到的伊朗说唱歌手为例，并且列举了为“自由欧洲电台”波斯语广播“法尔达频道(Radio Farda)”效力的记者身处伊朗的家人们所遭到的恐吓。
Two accused of 'terrorism' via Facebook, Twitter
“法尔达频道的网站每个月都能吸引上千万的访客。该台工作人员认为他们的报道是今年20多起事件的导火索，包括自己身在伊朗的家人也受到了伊朗情报部门官员的质询与恐吓，” 新闻网站上发布的 新闻信息 透露了这一信息。
At a loss
不知所措
Inside Iran, too, there's been an uptick in arrests of bloggers and journalists.
在伊朗国内， 被捕的博主和记者数量也比以前有所增加 。
According to the official news site of the Iranian government, the minister of culture ordered that "current conditions require more unity (of views) in the media."
依照伊朗政府的 官方新闻网站 发布的消息，伊朗文化部长称“当前的形势要求媒体上更为强大的（思想）统一”。
Mohammad Hosseini stated, "There will soon be a conference" with "members of the media and officials of the economy sector" to "enhance their awareness regarding the current conditions of the country, " so "they can work while considering the country's national interests and to prevent individuals using their personal opinions which, sometimes inadvertently, leads to disturbing the (society's) atmosphere."
穆罕默德·胡斯尼称：“不久之后就会召集媒体的成员和经济部门的官员开一次会议，来加强这些人对于国家现在的局势的认识，以使他们能够在工作的同时考虑到国家的利益，并防止有时会被忽视的个人见解扰乱社会风气。”
The minister said he was issuing a final warning to anyone who moved against "national interests."
部长说对任何危害了“国家利益”的人提出最后警告。
Attempts to find any reporting of Abbas Khameneh's arrest in state-run media were unsuccessful, as were efforts to reach top officials with the country judiciary or foreign ministry to confirm that the arrest took place.
试图在伊朗官方媒体中找到有关阿巴斯·哈梅尼的报道均以失败告终。那些试图与伊朗司法及外交等部门的高级官员接触并确定逮捕事件是否发生的努力也同样没有取得成功。
In Holland in late June, Yashar Khameneh was getting very worried about his father.
而在六月底，在荷兰，亚沙尔·哈梅尼十分担心父亲的安危。
"I thought I should tell the public, " he said.
他说：“我觉得我应该把这件事披露给大众，
Khameneh began speaking to the media.
于是，亚沙尔把这段故事告诉了 媒体。
This week, Khameneh said, he was at a loss.
亚沙尔说，这一周，他感到很失落。
"I don't know what else to do, " he said. "I don't know. I don't know.
他说：“我不知道还能做什么，我不知道。我不知道。我能做的只有期待。”
|
