Sleep Problems A Global Epidemic?Can’t sleep? You’re not alone. New research shows that the levels of sleep-related problems in the developing world are approaching those seen in developed nations, linked to an increase in depression and anxiety.
新的研究表明，影响睡眠质量的重要因素是抑郁与焦虑。据英国华威大学医学院研究数据表明，目前亚、非发展中国家约有1.5亿的成年人面临睡眠问题的困扰！
According to an analysis of sleep problems in African and Asian countries by researchers at the Warwick Medical School at the University of Warwick, an estimated 150 million adults are suffering from sleep-related problems across the developing world.
睡眠问题是不是全球的流行病？
Researchers said 16.6 percent of the population report insomnia and other severe sleep disturbances in the countries surveyed, which is quite close to the 20 percent found in Canada and the U.S.
睡眠不好，是吗？ 这不是你一个人的问题。新的研究表明，发展中国家与睡眠有关的各类问题正向发达国家靠拢，这跟抑郁和焦虑的上升有着直接关联。
The researchers looked at the sleep quality of 24, 434 women and 19, 501 men aged 50 years and over in eight rural areas in Ghana, Tanzania, South Africa, India, Bangladesh, Vietnam, and Indonesia, as well as an urban area in Kenya.
据英国华威大学医学院研究人员就亚非国家睡眠问题的分析结果显示，这些发展中世界里的成年人中有近1.5亿人口正遭遇睡眠问题的困扰。
They examined potential links between sleep problems and social demographics, quality of life, physical health, and psychiatric conditions.
研究人员表示，这些受调查的国家中16.6%的人口不是患有失眠症就是患有严重的睡眠失调，与美国和加拿大20%的数据非常接近。
The strongest link was found between psychiatric conditions such as depression and anxiety and sleep problems, mirroring trends seen in the developed world, the researchers note.
研究人员分别从加纳、坦桑尼亚、南非、印度、孟加拉国、越南、印度尼西亚的八个农村及肯尼亚的一个城市中抽取年龄为50岁的24434名女性和19501名男性，对他们的睡眠质量进行了研究。
The researchers also point out that there was a “striking variation” across the countries surveyed. For example, Bangladesh had the highest prevalence of sleep problems, with a 43.9 percent rate for women — more than twice the rate of developed countries and far higher than the 23.6 percent seen in men. Bangladesh also saw very high patterns of anxiety and depression, according to the researchers.
这项研究旨在考察这些人的睡眠问题与他们所处的社会人口特征、生活质量、健康状况及精神状况之间可能存在的关系。结果表明，精神状况如抑郁、焦虑等与睡眠问题的关系最大，这与发达国家的趋势一样。
In Vietnam, 37.6 percent of the women and 28.5 percent of the men reported sleep problems. Meanwhile, Tanzania, Kenya and Ghana saw rates of between 8.3 percent and 12.7 percent.
研究人员还指出，这些国家人口睡眠问题的差异性也很显著。例如，孟加拉国存在睡眠问题的人口比例是最高的，其存在睡问题的女性人口占比为43.9%，是发达国的两倍，超出本国存在睡眠问题男性人口的23.6%。据研究人员透露，孟加拉国的人口抑郁、焦虑状况也非常突出。
The researchers also pointed out that South Africa had double the rate of other African countries — 31.3 percent for women and 27.2 percent for men.
据研究报告显示，越南37.6%的女性和28.5%的男性存在睡眠问题。而坦桑尼亚、肯尼亚、加纳这几个国家，存在睡眠问题的人口在8.3%和12.7%之间。另外，南非存在睡眠问题的人口比例是其他非洲国家的两倍，其31.7%的女性和27.2%的男性存在睡眠问题。
People in India and Indonesia had very little sleep issues — 6.5 percent for Indian women and 4.3 percent for Indian men, while Indonesian men reported rates of sleep problems of 3.9 percent and women had rates of 4.6 percent.
印度与印度尼西亚人很少有睡眠问题。印度仅6.5%的女性和4.3%的男性有睡眠问题；而在印度尼西亚存在睡眠问题的人口比例更低，男性占3.9%，女性占4.6%。
The research also found a higher prevalence of sleep problems in women and older age groups, consistent with patterns found in higher-income countries.
该研究还发现，睡眠问题在女性与年长群体中更普遍，这与高收入国家的情况相一致。
“This is particularly concerning as many low-income countries are facing a double burden of disease with pressure on scarce financial resources coming from infectious diseases like HIV, but also from a growing rate of chronic diseases like cardiovascular diseases and cancer. This new study suggests sleep disturbances might also represent a significant and unrecognized public health issue among older people, especially women, in low-income settings.”
曾出版过《睡眠》（Sleep)杂志，该研究的发起人斯村杰斯（Saverio Stranges)博士称，“经过研究，我们发现发展中世界人口的睡眠问题要比我们之前想象的严重得多。尤其是众多低收入国家，他们面临的不仅有来自感染性疾病如艾滋病（HIV），还有来自慢性疾病如心血管疾病与癌症增长却没有足够治疗资金的双重压力。该项新的研究揭示出的是，睡眠失调也许还是低收入环境下年长人群尤其是女性的一个严重的但却未被证实的问题”。
The research also found that sleep problems are not linked to living in big cities, as most of the people surveyed lived in rural settings, he said, noting, “We might expect even higher figures for people living in urban areas.”
另外，该研究还表明，睡眠问题与大城市生活没有关系，因为此次研究的大多数对象都是生活在农村。斯村杰斯博士还补充道，“如果按调查之前的想法，我们的预期是城市人口存在睡眠问题的比例会更高”。
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