Office workers trapped behind their desks all day should push away their chairs and work standing up, recommends an exercise scientist.
办公室工作人员整天被困在办公桌后，应该推开椅子站着工作，一位运动科学家建议。
Standing up for three hours extra a day would burn off 8lb (3.6kg) of fat each year, says John Buckley, from the University of Chester.
一天站三个小时会燃烧掉8磅（3.6千克）脂肪，切斯特大学约翰·巴克利说。
Leading by example, Dr Buckley is using a standing desk which is believed to date from the 1940s.
巴克利博士以身作则，他使用立式办公桌，这个实践例子可追溯到20世纪40年代。
"There is no need to sit down so much, " says Dr Buckley.
“不需要长时间坐着”巴克利博士说。
Anyone feeling Christmas-pudding shaped after the holidays should consider standing rather than sitting at work, says Dr Buckley.
圣诞假期过后，每个人都应该考虑站着工作不要坐着工作，巴克利博士说。
There are custom-made computer desks for anyone wanting to stand as they answer their emails - or else old desks can be set at a height for standing.
有专门为站着回复电子邮件的人而定制的电脑桌——或者也可以改装旧桌子站立高度。
Upright language
站立写作
This upright stance was championed by Ernest Hemingway, whose vigorous prose was matched by this more physical approach to writing.
欧内斯特·海明威支持这种站立办公方式，他的散文佳作大部分就是以这种站立姿势写作的。
"Writing and travel broaden your ass if not your mind and I like to write standing up, " wrote Hemingway in a letter in 1950.
“写作和旅行都能让你的屁股变宽，如果不介意的话，我喜欢站着写作”海明威在1950年的一封信里写道。
Vladimir Nabokov was another writer who preferred to stand.
弗拉基米尔·纳博科夫是另一位喜欢站着写作的作家。
Dr Buckley, from the department of clinical sciences and nutrition, says that switching from chairs to working standing up will reduce obesity and improve circulation.
临床科学和营养部门的巴克利博士说，挪开椅子站着工作可减肥还可促进血液循环。
Standing up for three hours will consume 144 calories, he says.
他说，站三个小时可消耗144卡路里热量。
"People are sitting down at work, then sitting in the car and then sitting down in front of the television, " says Dr Buckley.
人们坐着工作、坐在车里、坐在电视机前看电视”巴克利博士说。
"Your metabolic rate crashes to an absolute minimum.
你的代谢率绝对骤降到最小程度。
"It isn't natural. Humans are designed to stand up and keep moving."
站立不是自然习惯，人类应养成站立和活动习惯。
Dr Buckley is part of an advisory group, working with England's chief medical officer on responses to obesity.
巴克利博士是一个咨询小组的咨询人员，他与英格兰首席医务官合作解决如何应对肥胖问题。
There have been several recent reports warning about the sedentary nature of work and recreation.
发布了几个关于久坐性质工作和娱乐性质工作的最新警告性报告。
A study in the autumn made a strong connection between too much sitting down and an increased risk of diabetes.
在秋季做了一项大型研究：久坐与增加糖尿病风险之间的关系。
A previous study warned that a sedentary lifestyle could be causing as many deaths as smoking.
之前的一项研究警告说，久坐不动的生活方式就像吸烟一样会造成许多人死亡。
Dr Buckley says that regular changes in the workplace can make a long-term improvements.
巴克利博士说定期变换工作位置，长远来看大有益处。
"It's little changes in behaviour... such as standing at your desk that can add up to make quite a big difference to your health, " he says.
“从行为上要做的小小改变……站在你的办公桌旁工作等，对你的健康会大有裨益，”他说。
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