t see.
他们发现，当灯被关闭，人类在房间里看不见东西时，狗偷窃禁动食物的概率高4倍。
This suggested the dogs were able to alter their behaviour when they knew their owners' perspective had changed.
这表明当狗知道主人的看法改变时，他们也能改变自己的行为
The study, published in Animal Cognition, conducted tests on 84 dogs.
这项发表在《动物认知》杂志上的研究对84只狗进行了测试。
The experiments had been trying to find whether dogs could adapt their behaviour in response to the changed circumstances of their human owners.
实验一直试图了解狗是否能根据其主人变化的情况调整自己的行为。
It wanted to see if dogs had a "flexible understanding" that could show they understood the viewpoint of a human.
研究想看看狗是否具有可证明他们理解人类视角的“灵活理解力”。
Dog's understanding
狗的理解力
It found that when the lights were turned off, dogs in a room with their human owners were much more likely to disobey and steal forbidden food.
研究发现，当灯熄灭时，虽然主人还在房间里，狗更有可能不听话而去偷禁止食品。
The study says it is "unlikely that the dogs simply forgot that the human was in the room" when there was no light. Instead it seems as though the dogs were able to differentiate between when the human was unable or able to see them.
研究称，当没有光时，狗也“不太可能只是忘了房间里还有人。” 相反，研究认为狗好像能够区分人类是否能够看到他们。
Juliane Kaminski carried out the research into how dogs are influenced by human circumstances
茱莉亚·卡明斯基进行的这项研究是为了深入了解狗受人类环境影响的变化
The experiments had been designed with enough variations to avoid false associations - such as dogs beginning to associate sudden darkness with someone giving them food, researchers said.
实验设计了足够的变数，以避免错误的联想-如狗开始将突然的黑暗与别人给他们食物联系起来，研究人员说。
Dr Juliane Kaminski, from the University of Portsmouth's psychology department, said the study was "incredible because it implies dogs understand the human can't see them, meaning they might understand the human perspective".
朴次茅斯大学心理学系的茱莉亚·卡明斯基博士说，这项研究的结果“令人难以置信，因为它意味着狗理解人类看不到他们，也就是说他们可能理解人类视角”。
This could also be important in understanding the capacities of dogs that have to interact closely with humans, such as guide dogs for the blind and sniffer dogs.
这对理解狗与人类密切互动的能力也是非常重要的，比如盲人用的导盲犬以及嗅探犬。
Previous studies have suggested that although humans might think that they can recognise different expressions on their dogs' faces, this is often inaccurate and a projection of human emotions.
先前的研究已经表明，尽管人类可能会认为自己可以识别狗脸上的不同表情，但这往往是不准确的，只不过是人类情感的一种揣测。
"Humans constantly attribute certain qualities and emotions to other living things. We know that our own dog is clever or sensitive, but that's us thinking, not them, " said Dr Kaminski.
“人类一直认为其他生物具有某些品质和情感。 我们知道自己的狗要么聪明要么敏感，但这只是我们的想法，而不是他们的。”卡明斯基博士说。
"These results suggest humans might be right, where dogs are concerned, but we still can't be completely sure if the results mean dogs have a truly flexible understanding of the mind and others' minds. It has always been assumed only humans had this ability.
“这些结果表明人类对狗的看法或许是正确的，但我们仍然不能完全确定这些结果是否意味着狗真正能灵活理解情绪变化和他人想法。 过去人们一直认为，只有人类才有这种能力。”
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