《孟子》中英文版
第十三编 《尽心上》(31)
第三十一章 予不狎于不顺
公孫丑曰：“伊尹曰：‘予不狎于不順。’放太甲于桐，民大悅。太甲賢。又反之，民大悅。賢者之為人臣也，其君不賢，則固可放與？”
Gong Sun Chou said, 'Yi Yin said, "I cannot be near and see him so disobedient to reason," and therewith he banished Tai Jia to Tong. The people were much pleased. When Tai Jia became virtuous, he brought him back, and the people were again much pleased. When worthies are ministers, may they indeed banish their sovereigns in this way when they are not virtuous?'
孟子曰：“有伊尹之志，則可；無伊尹之志，則篡也。”
Mencius replied, 'If they have the same purpose as Yi Yin, they may. If they have not the same purpose, it would be usurpation.'
【原文】
公孙丑曰：“伊尹曰：‘予不狎于不顺，’放太甲于桐，民大悦。太甲贤，又反之，民大悦。贤者之为人臣也，其君不贤，则固可放与？”
孟子曰：“有伊尹之志，则可；无伊尹之志，则篡也。”
【译文】
公孙丑说：“伊尹曾经说：‘我不亲近不顺理的人。’于是将太甲放逐在桐邑，百姓很高兴。太甲变得贤能了，又让他返回来执政，百姓也很高兴。贤人做别人的臣子，他的国君不贤明，就可以把他放逐吗？”
孟子说：“有伊尹这样大公无私的心志，就可以这样做。没有伊尹这样大公无私的心志，那就叫篡权了。”
【解说】
伊尹的行为方式亦是尽心知命，因此，如果不是这样尽心、尽本性，就不能采取这样的行为方式，如果采取了，就不对了。所以，五霸的行为方式不是尽心、尽本性的！而不尽心、尽本性的行为方式，是不对的。 |
